What law requires non-depository mortgage companies with substantial loans to report annually?

The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) is the correct answer because it requires financial institutions, including non-depository mortgage companies, to collect and report specific data regarding mortgage applications, loans, and demographics of the borrowers. This annual reporting helps ensure that lenders are serving the housing needs of their communities and allows the public to access and monitor this information to identify patterns of discrimination or lack of access to credit.

The requirement under HMDA plays a critical role in promoting transparency in the lending process and helps regulatory agencies enforce compliance with fair lending laws. It is particularly focused on understanding how different demographic groups are served by mortgage lending practices, thereby aiding efforts to address issues related to discrimination in mortgage lending.

In contrast, the other options focus on different aspects of lending and consumer protection. The Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) addresses discrimination in lending but does not mandate annual reporting; the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA) deals with information provided to borrowers regarding settlement costs but is not focused on reporting data annually; and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) primarily governs the privacy of consumer financial information and does not apply directly to loan reporting requirements.