For how long must entities making residential mortgage loans maintain records according to ECOA?

The correct duration for which entities making residential mortgage loans must maintain records according to the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) is 25 months. This requirement ensures that lenders properly document their compliance with fair lending practices, allowing for adequate oversight and enforcement of the ECOA's provisions.

Maintaining records for this period helps protect consumer rights by ensuring that any issues related to discrimination in lending can be addressed in a timely manner. It also facilitates the monitoring of lending patterns, which is essential for ensuring that all applicants are treated fairly regardless of their race, gender, or other protected characteristics.

The other options reflect shorter timeframes than what is mandated by ECOA, which are insufficient for maintaining compliance records crucial for demonstrating adherence to the law.